Dynamics of international migration in Galicia between 2002 and 2022
Authorship
U.A.R.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
U.A.R.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 11:00
02.18.2026 11:00
Summary
Over the past two decades, Galicia has undergone a significant transformation in its migration dynamics, marked by a sustained positive net migration balance with foreign countries. This shift contrasts with the region’s historical pattern, which was traditionally characterized by significant emigration abroad and, consequently, a negative net migration balance. Emigration has been a defining feature of Galicia’s socio-demographic profile, shaping both its population trends and social development. Currently, Galicia has become an attractive destination for international immigration, representing a structural change in migration flows compared to several decades ago. As expected, these flows have fluctuated throughout the period under study, mainly influenced by economic crises. During the 2008 financial crisis, many emigrants began returning to their countries of origin, whereas during the COVID-19 pandemic, both inflows and outflows were affected by mobility restrictions. This has revealed a correlation between the economic cycle and migration flows: in times of recession, many foreign immigrants return to their countries of origin, while Galicians emigrate abroad in search of better opportunities. Galicians tend to emigrate at older ages than those at which immigrants arrive, which is a key factor in the region’s demographic landscape. Additionally, we have been able to analyze how the stock of the foreign population and the flows by origin have evolved, allowing us to identify changes in the patterns of arrivals from abroad. Europeans and Latin Americans remain the main groups in both annual immigration flows and the stock of foreign residents. However, the presence of people from the African continent has increased significantly in recent years, particularly those coming from the northern regions. Galicia is among the most aged regions in both Spain and Europe. For this reason, analyzing the age and gender patterns of migration flows is especially relevant to assess their potential impact on the age structure and generational renewal of the Galician population. In this regard, data show that the positive net migration balance with foreign countries is helping to ease the aging of the population, while also posing challenges in terms of integration and policymaking for the region. Total length of the report: 8,776 words.
Over the past two decades, Galicia has undergone a significant transformation in its migration dynamics, marked by a sustained positive net migration balance with foreign countries. This shift contrasts with the region’s historical pattern, which was traditionally characterized by significant emigration abroad and, consequently, a negative net migration balance. Emigration has been a defining feature of Galicia’s socio-demographic profile, shaping both its population trends and social development. Currently, Galicia has become an attractive destination for international immigration, representing a structural change in migration flows compared to several decades ago. As expected, these flows have fluctuated throughout the period under study, mainly influenced by economic crises. During the 2008 financial crisis, many emigrants began returning to their countries of origin, whereas during the COVID-19 pandemic, both inflows and outflows were affected by mobility restrictions. This has revealed a correlation between the economic cycle and migration flows: in times of recession, many foreign immigrants return to their countries of origin, while Galicians emigrate abroad in search of better opportunities. Galicians tend to emigrate at older ages than those at which immigrants arrive, which is a key factor in the region’s demographic landscape. Additionally, we have been able to analyze how the stock of the foreign population and the flows by origin have evolved, allowing us to identify changes in the patterns of arrivals from abroad. Europeans and Latin Americans remain the main groups in both annual immigration flows and the stock of foreign residents. However, the presence of people from the African continent has increased significantly in recent years, particularly those coming from the northern regions. Galicia is among the most aged regions in both Spain and Europe. For this reason, analyzing the age and gender patterns of migration flows is especially relevant to assess their potential impact on the age structure and generational renewal of the Galician population. In this regard, data show that the positive net migration balance with foreign countries is helping to ease the aging of the population, while also posing challenges in terms of integration and policymaking for the region. Total length of the report: 8,776 words.
Direction
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Tutorships)
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Tutorships)
Court
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Student’s tutor)
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Student’s tutor)
Marketing in the dairy industry
Authorship
M.A.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
M.A.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 11:00
02.18.2026 11:00
Summary
The following work analyzes the evolution of the dairy industry in Spain from a historical and marketing perspective, focusing on the process of productive modernization, the transformation of consumption habits, and the role played by commercial communication and public policies. Milk, traditionally marketed locally and with limited sanitary guarantees, became throughout the second half of the twentieth century a mass consumer good, associated with health, child nutrition, and social progress. The research combines a theoretical approach based on the main historical stages of marketing with an empirical analysis of the evolution of the Spanish dairy industry. Marketing theories allow us to interpret how the introduction of technological innovations, improvements in transport, the standardization of production processes, and the development of communication strategies contributed to the creation of a national milk market. The modernization of production, through pasteurization, sterilization, and later UHT treatment, was key to overcoming the sanitary problems associated with raw milk and to ensuring product safety and preservation. The study also highlights the decisive role of packaging in the consolidation of the sector, as it facilitated large-scale distribution, reduced costs, and acted as an element of differentiation and quality guarantee. At the same time, advertising campaigns and promotional actions by companies were reinforced by medical recommendations and public policies aimed at improving population nutrition, especially through increased consumption of animal-based proteins. Finally, the analysis examines how product differentiation, the integration of productive activities, and coordination between the State, health professionals, and industry allowed milk to move from being a secondary product to occupying a central place in the diet of Spanish households. Overall, the study shows that the evolution of the Spanish dairy industry was the result of the coherent application of marketing principles within a context of economic, social, and institutional change.
The following work analyzes the evolution of the dairy industry in Spain from a historical and marketing perspective, focusing on the process of productive modernization, the transformation of consumption habits, and the role played by commercial communication and public policies. Milk, traditionally marketed locally and with limited sanitary guarantees, became throughout the second half of the twentieth century a mass consumer good, associated with health, child nutrition, and social progress. The research combines a theoretical approach based on the main historical stages of marketing with an empirical analysis of the evolution of the Spanish dairy industry. Marketing theories allow us to interpret how the introduction of technological innovations, improvements in transport, the standardization of production processes, and the development of communication strategies contributed to the creation of a national milk market. The modernization of production, through pasteurization, sterilization, and later UHT treatment, was key to overcoming the sanitary problems associated with raw milk and to ensuring product safety and preservation. The study also highlights the decisive role of packaging in the consolidation of the sector, as it facilitated large-scale distribution, reduced costs, and acted as an element of differentiation and quality guarantee. At the same time, advertising campaigns and promotional actions by companies were reinforced by medical recommendations and public policies aimed at improving population nutrition, especially through increased consumption of animal-based proteins. Finally, the analysis examines how product differentiation, the integration of productive activities, and coordination between the State, health professionals, and industry allowed milk to move from being a secondary product to occupying a central place in the diet of Spanish households. Overall, the study shows that the evolution of the Spanish dairy industry was the result of the coherent application of marketing principles within a context of economic, social, and institutional change.
Direction
GIRALDEZ RIVERO, JESUS (Tutorships)
GIRALDEZ RIVERO, JESUS (Tutorships)
Court
GIRALDEZ RIVERO, JESUS (Student’s tutor)
GIRALDEZ RIVERO, JESUS (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of Galician Cooperativism
Authorship
M.B.M.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
M.B.M.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This Final Degree Project aims to analyse the role of cooperativism in Galicia as a central pillar of the Social Economy and as a sector of growing relevance in the economic, social and territorial development of the region. The main objective is to examine the recent evolution of Galician cooperativism, its organisational structure, its relative weight within the national context, its contribution to employment and its economic activity, paying attention both to its territorial distribution within the region and to its typological distribution. The study adopts an analytical and descriptive approach, based on the examination of statistical information and official documents, mainly the Social Economy Reports of Galicia prepared by CECOOP, as well as data from CIRIEC-Spain, CIRIECSTAT, GALESTAT and the Ministry of Labour and Social Economy. The use of these sources provides an up-to-date and comparative overview of the sector, although with certain limitations for the most recent years. The results obtained show a clearly positive evolution of Galician cooperativism, with a significant increase in the creation of cooperatives and employment generation since 2017, reaching historical highs in 2022 and 2024. The prominence of Worker Cooperatives stands out, as they account for the majority of new cooperatives created each year, reflecting an orientation towards collective and stable self-employment. From a territorial perspective, cooperativism shows an uneven provincial distribution, with Pontevedra and A Coruña as the main centres of dynamism, in contrast to the lower level of cooperative development in Lugo and Ourense. Overall, the study concludes that Galician cooperativism is in a phase of consolidation and expansion, supported by a specific regulatory framework and public policies that serve as tools for social and territorial cohesion.
This Final Degree Project aims to analyse the role of cooperativism in Galicia as a central pillar of the Social Economy and as a sector of growing relevance in the economic, social and territorial development of the region. The main objective is to examine the recent evolution of Galician cooperativism, its organisational structure, its relative weight within the national context, its contribution to employment and its economic activity, paying attention both to its territorial distribution within the region and to its typological distribution. The study adopts an analytical and descriptive approach, based on the examination of statistical information and official documents, mainly the Social Economy Reports of Galicia prepared by CECOOP, as well as data from CIRIEC-Spain, CIRIECSTAT, GALESTAT and the Ministry of Labour and Social Economy. The use of these sources provides an up-to-date and comparative overview of the sector, although with certain limitations for the most recent years. The results obtained show a clearly positive evolution of Galician cooperativism, with a significant increase in the creation of cooperatives and employment generation since 2017, reaching historical highs in 2022 and 2024. The prominence of Worker Cooperatives stands out, as they account for the majority of new cooperatives created each year, reflecting an orientation towards collective and stable self-employment. From a territorial perspective, cooperativism shows an uneven provincial distribution, with Pontevedra and A Coruña as the main centres of dynamism, in contrast to the lower level of cooperative development in Lugo and Ourense. Overall, the study concludes that Galician cooperativism is in a phase of consolidation and expansion, supported by a specific regulatory framework and public policies that serve as tools for social and territorial cohesion.
Direction
CANCELO MARQUEZ, MARIA TERESA (Tutorships)
VAZQUEZ ROZAS, MARIA EMILIA (Co-tutorships)
CANCELO MARQUEZ, MARIA TERESA (Tutorships)
VAZQUEZ ROZAS, MARIA EMILIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
CANCELO MARQUEZ, MARIA TERESA (Student’s tutor)
VAZQUEZ ROZAS, MARIA EMILIA (Student’s tutor)
CANCELO MARQUEZ, MARIA TERESA (Student’s tutor)
VAZQUEZ ROZAS, MARIA EMILIA (Student’s tutor)
Social and Economic Sustainability of Professional Football Clubs in Spain
Authorship
D.C.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
D.C.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 10:00
02.19.2026 10:00
Summary
Professional football in Spain represents a phenomenon of great economic, social and cultural relevance, being the most widely followed sport in the country. However, in recent years the sector has faced several challenges that call into question the viability of the traditional management model of football clubs. Financial difficulties, changes in consumption habits and increasing social demands towards sports organizations are some of the factors that explain this situation. In this context, the economic and social sustainability of football clubs has become a key element to ensure their long-term viability. This paper aims to analyze the level of economic and social sustainability of professional football clubs in Spain, taking into account the relationship between both dimensions. To this end, a theoretical analysis of the Spanish football model is carried out, with particular attention paid to the economic regulation of the system and the role of social responsibility. In addition, a case study analysis of five representative Spanish football clubs is conducted in order to compare different institutional and social realities. Factors such as legal structure, relationship with supporters and social strategies developed by the clubs are considered. The results show that there is no single valid model of social sustainability, but rather a set of common elements. Among them are the importance of territorial identity, proximity to supporters and the integration of social responsibility policies. The future sustainability of professional football in Spain will depend on the ability of clubs to balance sporting performance, economic viability and social commitment to the community.
Professional football in Spain represents a phenomenon of great economic, social and cultural relevance, being the most widely followed sport in the country. However, in recent years the sector has faced several challenges that call into question the viability of the traditional management model of football clubs. Financial difficulties, changes in consumption habits and increasing social demands towards sports organizations are some of the factors that explain this situation. In this context, the economic and social sustainability of football clubs has become a key element to ensure their long-term viability. This paper aims to analyze the level of economic and social sustainability of professional football clubs in Spain, taking into account the relationship between both dimensions. To this end, a theoretical analysis of the Spanish football model is carried out, with particular attention paid to the economic regulation of the system and the role of social responsibility. In addition, a case study analysis of five representative Spanish football clubs is conducted in order to compare different institutional and social realities. Factors such as legal structure, relationship with supporters and social strategies developed by the clubs are considered. The results show that there is no single valid model of social sustainability, but rather a set of common elements. Among them are the importance of territorial identity, proximity to supporters and the integration of social responsibility policies. The future sustainability of professional football in Spain will depend on the ability of clubs to balance sporting performance, economic viability and social commitment to the community.
Direction
ALVAREZ GONZALEZ, PAULA (Tutorships)
ALVAREZ GONZALEZ, PAULA (Tutorships)
Court
ALVAREZ GONZALEZ, PAULA (Student’s tutor)
ALVAREZ GONZALEZ, PAULA (Student’s tutor)
Socioeconomic analysis of the fishing sector in Galicia: inshore fishing, shellfishing and the challenge of offshore wind power.
Authorship
B.C.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
B.C.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 16:00
02.18.2026 16:00
Summary
The fishing sector in Galicia is of great importance both at an economic level and in terms of employment, especially in the coastal areas of the region. To understand the current situation, and how the different fishing policies that influence it are affecting the sector, this study analyses its structural characteristics as well as their evolution in recent years. Since the fishing sector includes several activities (inshore fishing, offshore fishing, deep-sea fishing, mussel farming, shellfishing, processing, etc.), this study focuses on the inshore fishing sector and shellfishing, as they are the most important in terms of number of vessels and employees in the region. In addition, the challenge of offshore wind energy is also addressed, as it will affect both inshore fishing and shellfishing. The main objective of this work is to analyse the main problems affecting the development of this sector and to propose improvements in the general, environmental and economic fields. Finally, the most important conclusions drawn from the study are presented, as well as possible extensions that are left open for future research.
The fishing sector in Galicia is of great importance both at an economic level and in terms of employment, especially in the coastal areas of the region. To understand the current situation, and how the different fishing policies that influence it are affecting the sector, this study analyses its structural characteristics as well as their evolution in recent years. Since the fishing sector includes several activities (inshore fishing, offshore fishing, deep-sea fishing, mussel farming, shellfishing, processing, etc.), this study focuses on the inshore fishing sector and shellfishing, as they are the most important in terms of number of vessels and employees in the region. In addition, the challenge of offshore wind energy is also addressed, as it will affect both inshore fishing and shellfishing. The main objective of this work is to analyse the main problems affecting the development of this sector and to propose improvements in the general, environmental and economic fields. Finally, the most important conclusions drawn from the study are presented, as well as possible extensions that are left open for future research.
Direction
REGUEIRO FERREIRA, ROSA MARIA (Tutorships)
REGUEIRO FERREIRA, ROSA MARIA (Tutorships)
Court
REGUEIRO FERREIRA, ROSA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
REGUEIRO FERREIRA, ROSA MARIA (Student’s tutor)
Economic and Financial Analysis of Dux Coruña S.L.
Authorship
I.C.G.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
I.C.G.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 11:00
02.18.2026 11:00
Summary
Dux Coruña S.L. is a nightclub located in the former Los Cantones Village mall, in A Coruña. The company operates within the entertainment and beverage service industry, specifically managing and running nightlife venues. The aim of this report is to assess the financial and economic structure of Dux Coruña S.L., examining its performance from 2019 to 2023 and comparing it to a similar company in the sector. The analysis includes a diagnosis of both the short and long-term financial health of the company, offering insight into its current position as well as its development over the analysed period, based on data form its annual financial statements. This evaluation involves a review of the company’s financial structure, its ability to meet payment obligations, and key indicators of profitability and risk. Based on the findings, potential areas for improvement will be suggested. Overall, the results reflect a downturn in the nightlife sector during 2020 and 2021, largely due to increased debt and a decline in net turnover. Despite these challenges, Dux Coruña S.L. has shown signs of recovery, though it has yet to return to its pre-pandemic performance levels.
Dux Coruña S.L. is a nightclub located in the former Los Cantones Village mall, in A Coruña. The company operates within the entertainment and beverage service industry, specifically managing and running nightlife venues. The aim of this report is to assess the financial and economic structure of Dux Coruña S.L., examining its performance from 2019 to 2023 and comparing it to a similar company in the sector. The analysis includes a diagnosis of both the short and long-term financial health of the company, offering insight into its current position as well as its development over the analysed period, based on data form its annual financial statements. This evaluation involves a review of the company’s financial structure, its ability to meet payment obligations, and key indicators of profitability and risk. Based on the findings, potential areas for improvement will be suggested. Overall, the results reflect a downturn in the nightlife sector during 2020 and 2021, largely due to increased debt and a decline in net turnover. Despite these challenges, Dux Coruña S.L. has shown signs of recovery, though it has yet to return to its pre-pandemic performance levels.
Direction
VIVEL BUA, MARIA MILAGROS (Tutorships)
VIVEL BUA, MARIA MILAGROS (Tutorships)
Court
VIVEL BUA, MARIA MILAGROS (Student’s tutor)
VIVEL BUA, MARIA MILAGROS (Student’s tutor)
Main Contributions to Game Theory
Authorship
L.C.R.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
L.C.R.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
Este trabajo analiza la evolución de la Teoría de Juegos y cómo se puede utilizar en la práctica para la toma de decisiones estratégicas en situaciones de incertidumbre. El trabajo parte de los fundamentos matemáticos de von Neumann y Morgenstern, centrándose en el tránsito desde los modelos rígidos de suma cero hasta el concepto del Equilibrio de Nash, que permitió conocer la complejidad de las interacciones no cooperativas. Se examina también el Valor de Shapley como mecanismo clave para garantizar la equidad en situaciones de cooperación. Con el fin de demostrar la vigencia empírica de este marco teórico, el trabajo se estructura en el análisis de casos reales en tres contextos. En primer lugar, el ámbito empresarial, mediante el estudio de la “coopetencia” entre Samsung y Apple. En segundo lugar, el nivel macroeconómico, analizando la guerra comercial entre China y EE. UU. bajo la lógica de los juegos repetidos. En último lugar, el escenario geopolítico, examinando la disuasión nuclear en la Guerra Fría a través del “Juego del gallina”.
Este trabajo analiza la evolución de la Teoría de Juegos y cómo se puede utilizar en la práctica para la toma de decisiones estratégicas en situaciones de incertidumbre. El trabajo parte de los fundamentos matemáticos de von Neumann y Morgenstern, centrándose en el tránsito desde los modelos rígidos de suma cero hasta el concepto del Equilibrio de Nash, que permitió conocer la complejidad de las interacciones no cooperativas. Se examina también el Valor de Shapley como mecanismo clave para garantizar la equidad en situaciones de cooperación. Con el fin de demostrar la vigencia empírica de este marco teórico, el trabajo se estructura en el análisis de casos reales en tres contextos. En primer lugar, el ámbito empresarial, mediante el estudio de la “coopetencia” entre Samsung y Apple. En segundo lugar, el nivel macroeconómico, analizando la guerra comercial entre China y EE. UU. bajo la lógica de los juegos repetidos. En último lugar, el escenario geopolítico, examinando la disuasión nuclear en la Guerra Fría a través del “Juego del gallina”.
Direction
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Tutorships)
Court
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Student’s tutor)
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of the financial viability of converting the Corrubedo Lighthouse into a hotel
Authorship
M.E.G.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
M.E.G.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 16:00
02.18.2026 16:00
Summary
The conversion of the Corrubedo Lighthouse into a unique tourist attraction is the subject of this Final Degree Project, which evaluates its economic and financial viability from an investment and operational perspective. In order to determine the profitability of the project, a financial model is developed based on cash flow estimates and their valuation using discount techniques, obtaining indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). In addition, the analysis is completed with a sensitivity and scenario exercise on critical variables, especially price and occupancy, to identify break-even thresholds and risk factors, providing an applied perspective for decision-making and improvement of the proposal. The thesis consists of 9,983 words.
The conversion of the Corrubedo Lighthouse into a unique tourist attraction is the subject of this Final Degree Project, which evaluates its economic and financial viability from an investment and operational perspective. In order to determine the profitability of the project, a financial model is developed based on cash flow estimates and their valuation using discount techniques, obtaining indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). In addition, the analysis is completed with a sensitivity and scenario exercise on critical variables, especially price and occupancy, to identify break-even thresholds and risk factors, providing an applied perspective for decision-making and improvement of the proposal. The thesis consists of 9,983 words.
Direction
SIEIRA LOPEZ, JOSE LUIS (Tutorships)
SIEIRA LOPEZ, JOSE LUIS (Tutorships)
Court
SIEIRA LOPEZ, JOSE LUIS (Student’s tutor)
SIEIRA LOPEZ, JOSE LUIS (Student’s tutor)
Aquaculture from a business and economic perspective: a strategic and quantitative analysis of the Nueva Pescanova case
Authorship
L.F.M.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
L.F.M.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 12:00
02.19.2026 12:00
Summary
Aquaculture has become a key activity for the supply of seafood products in a context of stagnation in capture fisheries and sustained growth in global food demand. This Bachelor’s Thesis analyses aquaculture from an economic and business perspective, with the aim of understanding its functioning, its productive constraints, and the factors that determine its viability, competitiveness, and capacity for adaptation. First, the study provides a contextual overview of aquaculture in the European and Spanish frameworks, highlighting Spain’s role as one of the leading producers in the European Union and the economic relevance of the sector in coastal regions such as Galicia. Within this framework, industrial marine aquaculture is examined as an activity with distinctive economic characteristics, marked by high capital intensity, strong dependence on strategic inputs, and the need to manage complex biological processes under controlled conditions. The analysis of the external environment is based on strategic tools such as PESTEL analysis and Porter’s Five Forces model, which make it possible to identify the influence of regulation, market dynamics, technology, and consumer preferences on sector performance. This approach is complemented by a case study of a representative company in the aquaculture food sector, the Nueva Pescanova Group, through which the study examines economic and financial management, cost and revenue structures, profitability, and sustainability. In addition, the analysis addresses break-even points, margins, and productive efficiency, emphasizing the relevance of operational variables such as feed conversion and mortality in cost formation, thereby highlighting the development potential of aquaculture.
Aquaculture has become a key activity for the supply of seafood products in a context of stagnation in capture fisheries and sustained growth in global food demand. This Bachelor’s Thesis analyses aquaculture from an economic and business perspective, with the aim of understanding its functioning, its productive constraints, and the factors that determine its viability, competitiveness, and capacity for adaptation. First, the study provides a contextual overview of aquaculture in the European and Spanish frameworks, highlighting Spain’s role as one of the leading producers in the European Union and the economic relevance of the sector in coastal regions such as Galicia. Within this framework, industrial marine aquaculture is examined as an activity with distinctive economic characteristics, marked by high capital intensity, strong dependence on strategic inputs, and the need to manage complex biological processes under controlled conditions. The analysis of the external environment is based on strategic tools such as PESTEL analysis and Porter’s Five Forces model, which make it possible to identify the influence of regulation, market dynamics, technology, and consumer preferences on sector performance. This approach is complemented by a case study of a representative company in the aquaculture food sector, the Nueva Pescanova Group, through which the study examines economic and financial management, cost and revenue structures, profitability, and sustainability. In addition, the analysis addresses break-even points, margins, and productive efficiency, emphasizing the relevance of operational variables such as feed conversion and mortality in cost formation, thereby highlighting the development potential of aquaculture.
Direction
MIRANDA TORRADO, FERNANDO MANUEL (Tutorships)
MIRANDA TORRADO, FERNANDO MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
MIRANDA TORRADO, FERNANDO MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
MIRANDA TORRADO, FERNANDO MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Application of Game Theory in Recurrent Social Negotiations
Authorship
J.F.P.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
J.F.P.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This Bachelor's Thesis applies Game Theory tools to analyze two current socio-economic conflicts in Spain that share an unequal distribution of value among the actors involved: the price received by Galician dairy farmers for their milk and the remuneration of delivery workers on digital platforms such as Glovo or Uber Eats. Both cases reflect bargaining power imbalances, structural asymmetries, and difficulties in reaching fair collective solutions. The study combines cooperative and non-cooperative models to represent the strategic interactions among the different agents involved. Four key concepts are employed: the Shapley value to estimate fair allocations in cooperative contexts; the Nash equilibrium to identify stable strategies in competitive environments; dominant strategies to detect persistent unilateral behaviors; and the maximin criterion as a tool to protect the most vulnerable actors. In the dairy sector, it is shown how the atomization of farmers, faced with the concentrated power of industry and distribution, leads to prices below production costs, forcing many to operate at a loss. In the field of digital platforms, the analysis reveals that although the Rider Law has improved certain working conditions, imbalances in pricing and new forms of precariousness still persist. The results show that the application of Game Theory not only allows for a more accurate diagnosis of these conflicts, but also provides a basis for policy proposals and collective organizational solutions that improve equity and sustainability in both sectors.
This Bachelor's Thesis applies Game Theory tools to analyze two current socio-economic conflicts in Spain that share an unequal distribution of value among the actors involved: the price received by Galician dairy farmers for their milk and the remuneration of delivery workers on digital platforms such as Glovo or Uber Eats. Both cases reflect bargaining power imbalances, structural asymmetries, and difficulties in reaching fair collective solutions. The study combines cooperative and non-cooperative models to represent the strategic interactions among the different agents involved. Four key concepts are employed: the Shapley value to estimate fair allocations in cooperative contexts; the Nash equilibrium to identify stable strategies in competitive environments; dominant strategies to detect persistent unilateral behaviors; and the maximin criterion as a tool to protect the most vulnerable actors. In the dairy sector, it is shown how the atomization of farmers, faced with the concentrated power of industry and distribution, leads to prices below production costs, forcing many to operate at a loss. In the field of digital platforms, the analysis reveals that although the Rider Law has improved certain working conditions, imbalances in pricing and new forms of precariousness still persist. The results show that the application of Game Theory not only allows for a more accurate diagnosis of these conflicts, but also provides a basis for policy proposals and collective organizational solutions that improve equity and sustainability in both sectors.
Direction
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Tutorships)
Court
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Student’s tutor)
FERNANDEZ CASTRO, María Belén (Student’s tutor)
Atlantic Gummies: B2B vs. B2C Marketing Plan from the Perspective of a Medical Representative
Authorship
S.S.G.C.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
S.S.G.C.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 16:00
02.18.2026 16:00
Summary
This Bachelor's Thesis presents a Marketing Plan for the launch of “Atlantic Gummies,” a creatine supplement in gummy format, within the Galician rural environment, specifically in the Coruña and Cee health area. According to SERGAS data, this region encompasses 36 municipalities and over 400,000 people. The project is developed from the perspective of a medical and pharmaceutical representative, analyzing the duality between the B2B model (physicians and pharmacies) and the B2C model (final consumer). The study identifies a market niche based on solid scientific evidence regarding creatine’s benefits in combating sarcopenia and providing cognitive improvements in older adults, as well as enhancing performance in young athletes across all sporting disciplines. The thesis focuses primarily on strategies to improve sell-out in pharmacies and specialized stores, which is key to product turnover and achieving the company's sales targets. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of building long term, trust based relationships with healthcare entities, transforming the commercial visit into technical consultancy that provides real value to health professionals.
This Bachelor's Thesis presents a Marketing Plan for the launch of “Atlantic Gummies,” a creatine supplement in gummy format, within the Galician rural environment, specifically in the Coruña and Cee health area. According to SERGAS data, this region encompasses 36 municipalities and over 400,000 people. The project is developed from the perspective of a medical and pharmaceutical representative, analyzing the duality between the B2B model (physicians and pharmacies) and the B2C model (final consumer). The study identifies a market niche based on solid scientific evidence regarding creatine’s benefits in combating sarcopenia and providing cognitive improvements in older adults, as well as enhancing performance in young athletes across all sporting disciplines. The thesis focuses primarily on strategies to improve sell-out in pharmacies and specialized stores, which is key to product turnover and achieving the company's sales targets. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of building long term, trust based relationships with healthcare entities, transforming the commercial visit into technical consultancy that provides real value to health professionals.
Direction
VERDES GOMEZ, JUAN JOSE (Tutorships)
VERDES GOMEZ, JUAN JOSE (Tutorships)
Court
VERDES GOMEZ, JUAN JOSE (Student’s tutor)
VERDES GOMEZ, JUAN JOSE (Student’s tutor)
Economic and Financial Analysis of Gadisa Retail S.L.U.
Authorship
A.G.L.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
A.G.L.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 15:00
02.18.2026 15:00
Direction
VIDAL DINTEN, IVAN (Tutorships)
VIDAL DINTEN, IVAN (Tutorships)
Court
VIDAL DINTEN, IVAN (Student’s tutor)
VIDAL DINTEN, IVAN (Student’s tutor)
Study of the spanish beer market
Authorship
M.L.P.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
M.L.P.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:00
02.18.2026 12:00
Summary
The brewing sector has established itself as one of the most important industries within the food and beverage market. Spain is a country with a long-standing brewing tradition, where consumption is deeply linked to the Mediterranean culture. These factors position it as a brewing powerhouse, being the second-largest producer in Europe and boasting significant total consumption figures. This paper aims to understand the current market situation, evaluate the post-pandemic recovery, and analyze the industry's pillars. Regarding methodology, the research begins with a general market contextualization, followed by a macro-environmental analysis using PESTEL. Next, the supply side is evaluated by analyzing production, industry structure, and Porter's Five Forces model, subsequently identifying distribution channels and determining demand evolution based on consumption data and consumer profiles. Finally, a SWOT analysis of the sector is conducted. Based on this information, a series of conclusions regarding the general market situation will be drawn. Some of the conclusions suggest that the beer market appears to be in a maturity stage regarding consumption volume, yet it is growing in value driven by innovation and pricing. A reduction in individual consumption and a dependency on the HORECA channel and tourism are highlighted. However, the sector possesses the tools to face future threats. Its strengths include leadership in non-alcoholic beer compared to other alcoholic beverages, strong cultural roots, and corporate efforts towards sustainability. For Spain to remain one of Europe's leading producers, the effective implementation of these measures will be crucial
The brewing sector has established itself as one of the most important industries within the food and beverage market. Spain is a country with a long-standing brewing tradition, where consumption is deeply linked to the Mediterranean culture. These factors position it as a brewing powerhouse, being the second-largest producer in Europe and boasting significant total consumption figures. This paper aims to understand the current market situation, evaluate the post-pandemic recovery, and analyze the industry's pillars. Regarding methodology, the research begins with a general market contextualization, followed by a macro-environmental analysis using PESTEL. Next, the supply side is evaluated by analyzing production, industry structure, and Porter's Five Forces model, subsequently identifying distribution channels and determining demand evolution based on consumption data and consumer profiles. Finally, a SWOT analysis of the sector is conducted. Based on this information, a series of conclusions regarding the general market situation will be drawn. Some of the conclusions suggest that the beer market appears to be in a maturity stage regarding consumption volume, yet it is growing in value driven by innovation and pricing. A reduction in individual consumption and a dependency on the HORECA channel and tourism are highlighted. However, the sector possesses the tools to face future threats. Its strengths include leadership in non-alcoholic beer compared to other alcoholic beverages, strong cultural roots, and corporate efforts towards sustainability. For Spain to remain one of Europe's leading producers, the effective implementation of these measures will be crucial
Direction
OTERO SIMON, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
OTERO SIMON, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
Court
OTERO SIMON, MIGUEL ANGEL (Student’s tutor)
OTERO SIMON, MIGUEL ANGEL (Student’s tutor)
The Evolution of the Global Income Distribution (1960 a 2019)
Authorship
B.L.S.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
B.L.S.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This thesis analyzes the evolution of the global income distribution from 1960 to 2019, highlighting changes in economic inequality across countries. To this end, tools such as the Lorenz Curve and the Gini Index are used, based on data from the Penn World Table 10.01 database. The study reveals that, although inequality has slightly decreased in recent decades, a significant gap between developed and developing countries still remains. In addition, the Cobb Douglas production function is employed to decompose differences in per capita income across countries in terms of productivity, physical capital, and human capital. The results indicate that total factor productivity is the key element to explaining global economic disparities. Finally, the thesis includes a prediction of the future evolution of income distribution using the neoclassical Solow growth model. It concludes that reducing inequality requires policies that promote technological development, investment in education, and a more efficient distribution of productive resources.
This thesis analyzes the evolution of the global income distribution from 1960 to 2019, highlighting changes in economic inequality across countries. To this end, tools such as the Lorenz Curve and the Gini Index are used, based on data from the Penn World Table 10.01 database. The study reveals that, although inequality has slightly decreased in recent decades, a significant gap between developed and developing countries still remains. In addition, the Cobb Douglas production function is employed to decompose differences in per capita income across countries in terms of productivity, physical capital, and human capital. The results indicate that total factor productivity is the key element to explaining global economic disparities. Finally, the thesis includes a prediction of the future evolution of income distribution using the neoclassical Solow growth model. It concludes that reducing inequality requires policies that promote technological development, investment in education, and a more efficient distribution of productive resources.
Direction
DEL RIO IGLESIAS, FERNANDO (Tutorships)
DEL RIO IGLESIAS, FERNANDO (Tutorships)
Court
DEL RIO IGLESIAS, FERNANDO (Student’s tutor)
DEL RIO IGLESIAS, FERNANDO (Student’s tutor)
Environmental impact of the textile industry
Authorship
Y.L.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Y.L.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:00
02.18.2026 12:00
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Student’s tutor)
Social Economy: Non-profit Special Employment Centres in Galicia
Authorship
M.L.F.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
M.L.F.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
Social Economy has consolidated in recent decades as a set of economic initiatives that, without renouncing efficiency or financial sustainability, place people and the general interest at the center of their activity. This model is not limited to being an alternative; it is understood as a fundamental pillar to mitigate the inequalities of the conventional market system. In a context characterized by persistent structural difficulties and the particular labor vulnerability of certain groups, Social Economy acquires increasing relevance as an instrument for social cohesion, economic resilience, and the generation of inclusive, high-quality employment. Within this framework, Special Employment Centers (CEEs) constitute one of the primary and most specialized tools for the labor integration of people with disabilities. These are legally recognized entities that, while developing an ordinary economic activity, have the foundational objective of creating paid employment adapted to the needs of individuals with special insertion difficulties. Their uniqueness lies in the ability to combine real productivity with personal and social adjustment services, acting as a necessary link between the labor market, public employment policies, and the productive fabric. In this way, CEEs not only generate jobs but also validate the collective's human capital before society. The Autonomous Community of Galicia presents a special circumstance due to its territorial dispersion, which adds layers of complexity to labor insertion, making these entities vital to avoid isolation and inactivity. Over the last few years, Galician public administrations have promoted this model as a strategic part of their inclusion policies, recognizing that investment in these centers generates a social return that transcends simple assistance. The analysis of CEEs in Galicia allows, therefore, for an evaluation of their impact from a multidimensional perspective: as engines of local development, as guarantors of rights, and as effective public policy tools. The main objective of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the role and effectiveness of CEEs in Galicia within the framework of the Social Economy, paying special attention to their impact on job creation for people with disabilities in a constantly transforming labor market. To achieve this objective, the work is structured into different blocks: first, a theoretical framework will be developed to contextualize the Social Economy from an economic analysis perspective, addressing concepts such as information asymmetries and externalities. Subsequently, the evolution and current situation of CEEs in Galicia will be studied, analyzing their territorial distribution, the gender gap, and their specialization by sectors of activity. Finally, we will objectively assess how their activity mitigates the costs of exclusion and generates a positive impact on public finances.
Social Economy has consolidated in recent decades as a set of economic initiatives that, without renouncing efficiency or financial sustainability, place people and the general interest at the center of their activity. This model is not limited to being an alternative; it is understood as a fundamental pillar to mitigate the inequalities of the conventional market system. In a context characterized by persistent structural difficulties and the particular labor vulnerability of certain groups, Social Economy acquires increasing relevance as an instrument for social cohesion, economic resilience, and the generation of inclusive, high-quality employment. Within this framework, Special Employment Centers (CEEs) constitute one of the primary and most specialized tools for the labor integration of people with disabilities. These are legally recognized entities that, while developing an ordinary economic activity, have the foundational objective of creating paid employment adapted to the needs of individuals with special insertion difficulties. Their uniqueness lies in the ability to combine real productivity with personal and social adjustment services, acting as a necessary link between the labor market, public employment policies, and the productive fabric. In this way, CEEs not only generate jobs but also validate the collective's human capital before society. The Autonomous Community of Galicia presents a special circumstance due to its territorial dispersion, which adds layers of complexity to labor insertion, making these entities vital to avoid isolation and inactivity. Over the last few years, Galician public administrations have promoted this model as a strategic part of their inclusion policies, recognizing that investment in these centers generates a social return that transcends simple assistance. The analysis of CEEs in Galicia allows, therefore, for an evaluation of their impact from a multidimensional perspective: as engines of local development, as guarantors of rights, and as effective public policy tools. The main objective of this Bachelor's Thesis is to analyze the role and effectiveness of CEEs in Galicia within the framework of the Social Economy, paying special attention to their impact on job creation for people with disabilities in a constantly transforming labor market. To achieve this objective, the work is structured into different blocks: first, a theoretical framework will be developed to contextualize the Social Economy from an economic analysis perspective, addressing concepts such as information asymmetries and externalities. Subsequently, the evolution and current situation of CEEs in Galicia will be studied, analyzing their territorial distribution, the gender gap, and their specialization by sectors of activity. Finally, we will objectively assess how their activity mitigates the costs of exclusion and generates a positive impact on public finances.
Direction
EXPOSITO DIAZ, PILAR (Tutorships)
EXPOSITO DIAZ, PILAR (Tutorships)
Court
EXPOSITO DIAZ, PILAR (Student’s tutor)
EXPOSITO DIAZ, PILAR (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
M.Á.L.O.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
M.Á.L.O.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This Bachelor’s Thesis analyzes consensus mechanisms in blockchain networks from an economic perspective, focusing on incentive and coordination problems among participants in decentralized environments. Drawing on the approach of mechanism design and information economics, the study examines how these protocols attempt to align individual behavior with the security and proper functioning of the network. The thesis describes the role of consensus within blockchain technology and reviews the main existing models, with particular attention to Proof of Work and Proof of Stake, comparing their cost structures, incentive systems, and associated risks. Finally, it emphasizes that there is no universally optimal consensus mechanism, but rather solutions that respond differently to the technical and economic constraints of each system, as well as to the future challenges of decentralized governance.
This Bachelor’s Thesis analyzes consensus mechanisms in blockchain networks from an economic perspective, focusing on incentive and coordination problems among participants in decentralized environments. Drawing on the approach of mechanism design and information economics, the study examines how these protocols attempt to align individual behavior with the security and proper functioning of the network. The thesis describes the role of consensus within blockchain technology and reviews the main existing models, with particular attention to Proof of Work and Proof of Stake, comparing their cost structures, incentive systems, and associated risks. Finally, it emphasizes that there is no universally optimal consensus mechanism, but rather solutions that respond differently to the technical and economic constraints of each system, as well as to the future challenges of decentralized governance.
Direction
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Analysis of Inditex's strategic management process
Authorship
L.M.C.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
L.M.C.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This final degree project presents a detailed analysis of the current strategic management process of the Inditex Group. Through an external analysis (PESTEL and Porter's Five Forces), significant threats are identified, such as tariff pressure in key markets and the arrival of major ultra-fast fashion competitors like Temu and Shein. On the other hand, new opportunities are also emerging, such as the circular economy and the implementation of artificial intelligence. Inditex's competitive advantage is based not only on its tangible and intangible resources but also on its capabilities that differentiate it from other companies, such as the implementation of omnichannel strategies, its self-financing capacity, local logistics, and its Just-in-Time delivery model. Once these new findings are synthesized in a SWOT matrix, the group's strategic decisions are evaluated. Its growth strategies are examined, highlighting international expansion and a commitment to sustainability, which are fundamental to maintaining its leadership and resilience in the market. In conclusion, it is found that Inditex applies a hybrid competitive strategy combining cost leadership (through vertical integration and logistical efficiency) and differentiation through its responsiveness and multi-brand segmentation.
This final degree project presents a detailed analysis of the current strategic management process of the Inditex Group. Through an external analysis (PESTEL and Porter's Five Forces), significant threats are identified, such as tariff pressure in key markets and the arrival of major ultra-fast fashion competitors like Temu and Shein. On the other hand, new opportunities are also emerging, such as the circular economy and the implementation of artificial intelligence. Inditex's competitive advantage is based not only on its tangible and intangible resources but also on its capabilities that differentiate it from other companies, such as the implementation of omnichannel strategies, its self-financing capacity, local logistics, and its Just-in-Time delivery model. Once these new findings are synthesized in a SWOT matrix, the group's strategic decisions are evaluated. Its growth strategies are examined, highlighting international expansion and a commitment to sustainability, which are fundamental to maintaining its leadership and resilience in the market. In conclusion, it is found that Inditex applies a hybrid competitive strategy combining cost leadership (through vertical integration and logistical efficiency) and differentiation through its responsiveness and multi-brand segmentation.
Direction
ALVAREZ PEREZ, MARIA DOLORES (Tutorships)
ALVAREZ PEREZ, MARIA DOLORES (Tutorships)
Court
ALVAREZ PEREZ, MARIA DOLORES (Student’s tutor)
ALVAREZ PEREZ, MARIA DOLORES (Student’s tutor)
The Impact of the Minimum Wage on Employment
Authorship
N.M.B.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
N.M.B.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 12:00
02.19.2026 12:00
Summary
Using the Kaitz Index as a key metric, I seek to determine the effect of the minimum wage on Spain's employment rate, examining the evolution of both the real and nominal minimum wages, as well as the average wage. Furthermore, I focus on specific autonomous communities to compare the effects of minimum wage increases on them and their respective sectors of activity. Finally, I rely on bibliographic references to support my conclusions.
Using the Kaitz Index as a key metric, I seek to determine the effect of the minimum wage on Spain's employment rate, examining the evolution of both the real and nominal minimum wages, as well as the average wage. Furthermore, I focus on specific autonomous communities to compare the effects of minimum wage increases on them and their respective sectors of activity. Finally, I rely on bibliographic references to support my conclusions.
Direction
PENA BOQUETE, YOLANDA (Tutorships)
PENA BOQUETE, YOLANDA (Tutorships)
Court
PENA BOQUETE, YOLANDA (Student’s tutor)
PENA BOQUETE, YOLANDA (Student’s tutor)
Competitive strategies of the company
Authorship
I.M.G.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
I.M.G.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 12:00
02.19.2026 12:00
Summary
One of the fundamental reasons for a company's existence is to generate profits. At its inception, a company must define its mission and vision to guide the competitive strategies it will implement. Strategies are key to defining a clear direction for the company's trajectory and the achievement of its objectives. Without a defined goal, a company may engage in unproductive activities, jeopardizing its competitiveness and future. By having a clear strategy to guide its direction, a company can focus on activities that will provide it with advantages over its competitors and greater profits.
One of the fundamental reasons for a company's existence is to generate profits. At its inception, a company must define its mission and vision to guide the competitive strategies it will implement. Strategies are key to defining a clear direction for the company's trajectory and the achievement of its objectives. Without a defined goal, a company may engage in unproductive activities, jeopardizing its competitiveness and future. By having a clear strategy to guide its direction, a company can focus on activities that will provide it with advantages over its competitors and greater profits.
Direction
GOMEZ DEUS, MARIA TERESA (Tutorships)
GOMEZ DEUS, MARIA TERESA (Tutorships)
Court
GOMEZ DEUS, MARIA TERESA (Student’s tutor)
GOMEZ DEUS, MARIA TERESA (Student’s tutor)
Market Study of the Beer Sector in Spain: Current Situation and Future Prospects
Authorship
B.M.A.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
B.M.A.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:00
02.18.2026 12:00
Summary
In the present work, a market study of the beer sector in Spain is conducted, analyzing the current situation and its future prospects. The objective is to identify the main opportunities and trends, as well as to understand the current state of the sector. To this end, a detailed analysis has been carried out from both the supply and demand perspectives, utilizing information extracted from secondary sources such as Cerveceros de España, MERCASA, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, among others. Firstly, from the supply side, a characterization of the sector is performed by analyzing national production and net sales. The main macro aggregates are studied, including employment and the number of companies. Subsequently, the trade balance and commercial flows are examined, followed by a study of the leading manufacturing agents. Secondly, from the demand perspective, a quantitative analysis of consumption and expenditure is initiated in both aggregate and disaggregated terms. Later, a qualitative analysis is conducted, covering behavioral segmentation, analyzing subcategories such as alcoholic, non alcoholic, and craft beers. It also includes socioeconomic segmentation to identify potential market profiles and benefit based segmentation, analyzing consumer purchasing criteria. The study also identifies emerging trends in the sector, as well as purchasing decision criteria where proximity and quality prove to be fundamental. A SWOT analysis is performed to capture the current situation, aiming to reflect a comprehensive analysis of the sector's internal and external environment. Finally, the limitations and future extensions of the research are presented. The paper has a total length of 9438 words.
In the present work, a market study of the beer sector in Spain is conducted, analyzing the current situation and its future prospects. The objective is to identify the main opportunities and trends, as well as to understand the current state of the sector. To this end, a detailed analysis has been carried out from both the supply and demand perspectives, utilizing information extracted from secondary sources such as Cerveceros de España, MERCASA, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, among others. Firstly, from the supply side, a characterization of the sector is performed by analyzing national production and net sales. The main macro aggregates are studied, including employment and the number of companies. Subsequently, the trade balance and commercial flows are examined, followed by a study of the leading manufacturing agents. Secondly, from the demand perspective, a quantitative analysis of consumption and expenditure is initiated in both aggregate and disaggregated terms. Later, a qualitative analysis is conducted, covering behavioral segmentation, analyzing subcategories such as alcoholic, non alcoholic, and craft beers. It also includes socioeconomic segmentation to identify potential market profiles and benefit based segmentation, analyzing consumer purchasing criteria. The study also identifies emerging trends in the sector, as well as purchasing decision criteria where proximity and quality prove to be fundamental. A SWOT analysis is performed to capture the current situation, aiming to reflect a comprehensive analysis of the sector's internal and external environment. Finally, the limitations and future extensions of the research are presented. The paper has a total length of 9438 words.
Direction
RUZO SANMARTIN, EMILIO (Tutorships)
RUZO SANMARTIN, EMILIO (Tutorships)
Court
RUZO SANMARTIN, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
RUZO SANMARTIN, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
I.M.F.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
I.M.F.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 12:00
02.19.2026 12:00
Summary
This work analyzes the influence of the family context on the entrepreneurial intention of students at the University of Santiago de Compostela through the GUESSS 2023/2024 survey. Based on theoretical frameworks such as Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior and Shapero and Sokol's Entrepreneurial Event Model, the role of parents is investigated as a determining factor in perceived desirability and feasibility for entrepreneurship. Through a quantitative methodology and, by means of a descriptive analysis and the construction of a simple linear regression model, the entrepreneurial intention of students with entrepreneurial parents and their peers was compared. The results show a statistical difference: students with entrepreneurial parents show a higher average of entrepreneurial will as well as greater self-efficacy in skills such as opportunity identification or product creation. In conclusion, the family environment acts as a “protective shield” that normalizes risk and adds resilience. However, low levels of entrepreneurship show that structural barriers still persist among young people. It is suggested that the university assume a proactive role through mentoring and real immersion programs to compensate for the lack of family references and ensure equity in the promotion of entrepreneurship.
This work analyzes the influence of the family context on the entrepreneurial intention of students at the University of Santiago de Compostela through the GUESSS 2023/2024 survey. Based on theoretical frameworks such as Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior and Shapero and Sokol's Entrepreneurial Event Model, the role of parents is investigated as a determining factor in perceived desirability and feasibility for entrepreneurship. Through a quantitative methodology and, by means of a descriptive analysis and the construction of a simple linear regression model, the entrepreneurial intention of students with entrepreneurial parents and their peers was compared. The results show a statistical difference: students with entrepreneurial parents show a higher average of entrepreneurial will as well as greater self-efficacy in skills such as opportunity identification or product creation. In conclusion, the family environment acts as a “protective shield” that normalizes risk and adds resilience. However, low levels of entrepreneurship show that structural barriers still persist among young people. It is suggested that the university assume a proactive role through mentoring and real immersion programs to compensate for the lack of family references and ensure equity in the promotion of entrepreneurship.
Direction
NEIRA GOMEZ, MARIA ISABEL (Tutorships)
NEIRA GOMEZ, MARIA ISABEL (Tutorships)
Court
NEIRA GOMEZ, MARIA ISABEL (Student’s tutor)
NEIRA GOMEZ, MARIA ISABEL (Student’s tutor)
Social media and its influence on purchasing decisions
Authorship
M.M.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
M.M.G.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This Bachelor’s Degree Final Project analyzes the influence of social media on consumers’ purchasing decisions, combining a theoretical review of the existing literature with an empirical analysis based on data obtained from a survey conducted among 176 individuals. The main objective is to examine how digital platforms influence consumption habits, with particular attention to promotional content and the influence exerted by content creators from an economic perspective. The theoretical section of the study addresses key concepts such as consumer behavior, the classification of social media platforms, and the evolution of electronic commerce. It highlights the growing role of social media as channels for information, communication, and commercial persuasion, as well as the increase in both consumer usage time and advertising investment by companies in these digital environments. Social media has become one of the main channels for promotion and interaction between brands and consumers, significantly transforming traditional purchasing decision-making processes. Platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, or Facebook encourage new forms of commercial relationships based on proximity, constant interaction, and social influence, increasing the relevance of influencers and fostering more immediate and impulsive consumption habits, strongly driven by emotional factors. Finally, the study emphasizes the need for companies to understand these new behaviors in order to design more effective marketing strategies, while also highlighting the importance of promoting more conscious consumption among users. Understanding the real impact of social media makes it possible to move toward a more balanced, transparent, and responsible digital economy.
This Bachelor’s Degree Final Project analyzes the influence of social media on consumers’ purchasing decisions, combining a theoretical review of the existing literature with an empirical analysis based on data obtained from a survey conducted among 176 individuals. The main objective is to examine how digital platforms influence consumption habits, with particular attention to promotional content and the influence exerted by content creators from an economic perspective. The theoretical section of the study addresses key concepts such as consumer behavior, the classification of social media platforms, and the evolution of electronic commerce. It highlights the growing role of social media as channels for information, communication, and commercial persuasion, as well as the increase in both consumer usage time and advertising investment by companies in these digital environments. Social media has become one of the main channels for promotion and interaction between brands and consumers, significantly transforming traditional purchasing decision-making processes. Platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, or Facebook encourage new forms of commercial relationships based on proximity, constant interaction, and social influence, increasing the relevance of influencers and fostering more immediate and impulsive consumption habits, strongly driven by emotional factors. Finally, the study emphasizes the need for companies to understand these new behaviors in order to design more effective marketing strategies, while also highlighting the importance of promoting more conscious consumption among users. Understanding the real impact of social media makes it possible to move toward a more balanced, transparent, and responsible digital economy.
Direction
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Tutorships)
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Tutorships)
Court
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Student’s tutor)
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Student’s tutor)
Corporate Social Responsibility in Business Management: The Case of Hijos de Rivera
Authorship
J.O.A.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
J.O.A.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 11:00
02.18.2026 11:00
Summary
Nowadays, the study of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is of paramount importance, as the growing concern for social issues and the current climate crisis have led large companies, governments, and other organizations to assume responsibilities for contributing to global well-being. CSR is the voluntary commitment of companies to act ethically and sustainably, taking into account the social, environmental, and economic impact of their activities. This work aims to explore the concept of CSR in detail at a theoretical level and examine its practical application by studying the case of the Galician company Hijos de Rivera. To this end, a literature review was conducted, which confirmed that the company employs a cross-cutting approach in the implementation of CSR measures, providing benefits such as customer loyalty, talent attraction, the promotion of innovation, and improved efficiency. However, the increase in indirect emissions and the reduction in environmental investments suggest the need to strengthen collaboration with suppliers and maintain environmental priority in expansions or large projects. Overall, CSR at Hijos de Rivera is an example of how to combine profitability and responsibility, reinforcing sustainability as a pillar of long-term business success.
Nowadays, the study of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is of paramount importance, as the growing concern for social issues and the current climate crisis have led large companies, governments, and other organizations to assume responsibilities for contributing to global well-being. CSR is the voluntary commitment of companies to act ethically and sustainably, taking into account the social, environmental, and economic impact of their activities. This work aims to explore the concept of CSR in detail at a theoretical level and examine its practical application by studying the case of the Galician company Hijos de Rivera. To this end, a literature review was conducted, which confirmed that the company employs a cross-cutting approach in the implementation of CSR measures, providing benefits such as customer loyalty, talent attraction, the promotion of innovation, and improved efficiency. However, the increase in indirect emissions and the reduction in environmental investments suggest the need to strengthen collaboration with suppliers and maintain environmental priority in expansions or large projects. Overall, CSR at Hijos de Rivera is an example of how to combine profitability and responsibility, reinforcing sustainability as a pillar of long-term business success.
Direction
SAIFULINA SAIFULINA, NAILYA (Tutorships)
SAIFULINA SAIFULINA, NAILYA (Tutorships)
Court
SAIFULINA SAIFULINA, NAILYA (Student’s tutor)
SAIFULINA SAIFULINA, NAILYA (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
X.R.D.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
X.R.D.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:00
02.18.2026 12:00
Summary
This work aims to assess the main determinants of the unemployment rate for a sample of 25 OECD countries during the period 2000-2023. For this, the panel data methodology was used, assessing the impact of cyclical and structural variables such as GDP, public spending, inflation and human capital, as well as the effect of exogenous shocks. The estimation strategy was based on specification contrasts that showed the need for individual effects for economic units. Consequently, the final model was estimated using fixed effects, incorporating a first-order autoregressive term. The results confirm the relationship exposed by Okun's Law, as well as the effectiveness of fiscal policy in reducing unemployment.
This work aims to assess the main determinants of the unemployment rate for a sample of 25 OECD countries during the period 2000-2023. For this, the panel data methodology was used, assessing the impact of cyclical and structural variables such as GDP, public spending, inflation and human capital, as well as the effect of exogenous shocks. The estimation strategy was based on specification contrasts that showed the need for individual effects for economic units. Consequently, the final model was estimated using fixed effects, incorporating a first-order autoregressive term. The results confirm the relationship exposed by Okun's Law, as well as the effectiveness of fiscal policy in reducing unemployment.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Student’s tutor)
The behavior of the Galician reader
Authorship
A.R.M.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
A.R.M.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This paper stems from a desire to understand the current state of the publishing sector in Spain and, specifically, the reader profile. Therefore, this paper presents a current overview of the publishing landscape in Spain, serving as the basis for market research in Galicia to analyze the behaviors, habits, and preferences of Galician readers. A non probability sampling survey and SPSS data processing software were used for this analysis. One of the objectives was to find out the status of both online purchases and digital reading in Galicia. The findings indicate that, unlike their position in Spain, both occupy a significant place in the market, playing a substantial role in the habits and behaviors of Galician readers. Following the crisis caused by the pandemic in 2020, the Spanish publishing sector has maintained a consistently positive trend, not only in sales volume but also in the number of readers. Reading, especially among younger generations, is regaining the popularity it had lost over time. This fact, along with digitization, has gradually increased the quantity and diversity of traded goods, aiming to enrich the book market in Spain.
This paper stems from a desire to understand the current state of the publishing sector in Spain and, specifically, the reader profile. Therefore, this paper presents a current overview of the publishing landscape in Spain, serving as the basis for market research in Galicia to analyze the behaviors, habits, and preferences of Galician readers. A non probability sampling survey and SPSS data processing software were used for this analysis. One of the objectives was to find out the status of both online purchases and digital reading in Galicia. The findings indicate that, unlike their position in Spain, both occupy a significant place in the market, playing a substantial role in the habits and behaviors of Galician readers. Following the crisis caused by the pandemic in 2020, the Spanish publishing sector has maintained a consistently positive trend, not only in sales volume but also in the number of readers. Reading, especially among younger generations, is regaining the popularity it had lost over time. This fact, along with digitization, has gradually increased the quantity and diversity of traded goods, aiming to enrich the book market in Spain.
Direction
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Tutorships)
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Tutorships)
Court
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Student’s tutor)
Camoiras Rodríguez, Zaira (Student’s tutor)
Club Waterpolo Coruña Rías Altas Commercial Plan
Authorship
D.R.V.B.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
D.R.V.B.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 12:00
02.19.2026 12:00
Summary
Founded in 2019, Club Waterpolo Coruña Rías Altas is promoting a strategic plan to secure its future in the face of challenges such as dependence on external facilities, competition from more popular sports, and limited resources. With 72 athletes, the main goal is to professionalize management, enhance the club’s image, and increase revenue by 25% by 2026, thereby strengthening economic sustainability. The Galician environment offers opportunities such as public subsidies and a favorable legal framework, but also socioeconomic barriers, including family costs and competition from other aquatic sports. Although the club accounts for 69.2% of water polo licenses in A Coruña, its share in aquatic sports overall is just 7%. From a technological standpoint, it stands out for its use of apps like SportEasy for internal management and social media for outreach. Internally, the club combines strengths such as a strong community spirit and structured training methods with weaknesses like reliance on shared facilities, coach turnover, and limited financial resources. Opportunities include the underutilization of digital marketing, partnerships with educational centers, and recruitment events, while threats include rising costs and public preference for more mainstream sports. The marketing plan prioritizes income diversification through tiered fees (€40 and 60/month), recruiting 35% more female players, and gaining 50 new members. Strategies include differentiated training, use of communication apps, social media promotion, school talks, and public-space tournaments. Financial projections estimate revenues of €52,132 in 2026, mainly from athlete fees (€41,400), public subsidies (€7,600), sponsorships (€2,133), and member contributions (€999). The implementation section outlines a timeline of actions, assigned responsibilities, and tracking through KPIs such as reaching 80 licenses. With this approach, the club aims to establish itself as a benchmark for Galician water polo, balancing professionalization, technological innovation, and community engagement to ensure long-term growth.
Founded in 2019, Club Waterpolo Coruña Rías Altas is promoting a strategic plan to secure its future in the face of challenges such as dependence on external facilities, competition from more popular sports, and limited resources. With 72 athletes, the main goal is to professionalize management, enhance the club’s image, and increase revenue by 25% by 2026, thereby strengthening economic sustainability. The Galician environment offers opportunities such as public subsidies and a favorable legal framework, but also socioeconomic barriers, including family costs and competition from other aquatic sports. Although the club accounts for 69.2% of water polo licenses in A Coruña, its share in aquatic sports overall is just 7%. From a technological standpoint, it stands out for its use of apps like SportEasy for internal management and social media for outreach. Internally, the club combines strengths such as a strong community spirit and structured training methods with weaknesses like reliance on shared facilities, coach turnover, and limited financial resources. Opportunities include the underutilization of digital marketing, partnerships with educational centers, and recruitment events, while threats include rising costs and public preference for more mainstream sports. The marketing plan prioritizes income diversification through tiered fees (€40 and 60/month), recruiting 35% more female players, and gaining 50 new members. Strategies include differentiated training, use of communication apps, social media promotion, school talks, and public-space tournaments. Financial projections estimate revenues of €52,132 in 2026, mainly from athlete fees (€41,400), public subsidies (€7,600), sponsorships (€2,133), and member contributions (€999). The implementation section outlines a timeline of actions, assigned responsibilities, and tracking through KPIs such as reaching 80 licenses. With this approach, the club aims to establish itself as a benchmark for Galician water polo, balancing professionalization, technological innovation, and community engagement to ensure long-term growth.
Direction
GARCIA GARAZO, MARIA TERESA (Tutorships)
GARCIA GARAZO, MARIA TERESA (Tutorships)
Court
GARCIA GARAZO, MARIA TERESA (Student’s tutor)
GARCIA GARAZO, MARIA TERESA (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
A.R.R.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
A.R.R.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
En este trabajo se aborda desde el punto de vista técnico y metodológico la medición de las horas trabajadas dentro de la Contabilidad Nacional de España. El objetivo central es desgranar las herramientas estadísticas que permiten cuantificar este factor, siendo esto clave para el cálculo de la productividad a partir del indicador de PIB por hora trabajada. A lo largo del trabajo se comparan las principales fuentes de información de las que se dispone, la EPA y la propia Contabilidad Nacional por parte del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, y los datos de cotización y afiliación a la Seguridad Social. El análisis está fundamentado en los marcos teóricos del Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales y del Sistema Europeo de Cuentas, aplicados para asegurar la comparabilidad de los datos de España en el contexto de la Unión Europea. Se comparan también las principales fuentes de información de las que se dispone en España. En el trabajo se profundiza en la delimitación de las horas trabajadas, diferenciando entre las horas pactadas, pagadas y efectivas, de forma que se analizan los ajustes necesarios para garantizar la coherencia entre magnitudes laborales y agregados macroeconómicos. Por último, se estudian las implicaciones metodológicas que derivan de la medición de las horas trabajadas, resaltando la importancia de los criterios estadísticos que se adoptan para hacer posible la comparabilidad internacional y el análisis.
En este trabajo se aborda desde el punto de vista técnico y metodológico la medición de las horas trabajadas dentro de la Contabilidad Nacional de España. El objetivo central es desgranar las herramientas estadísticas que permiten cuantificar este factor, siendo esto clave para el cálculo de la productividad a partir del indicador de PIB por hora trabajada. A lo largo del trabajo se comparan las principales fuentes de información de las que se dispone, la EPA y la propia Contabilidad Nacional por parte del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, y los datos de cotización y afiliación a la Seguridad Social. El análisis está fundamentado en los marcos teóricos del Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales y del Sistema Europeo de Cuentas, aplicados para asegurar la comparabilidad de los datos de España en el contexto de la Unión Europea. Se comparan también las principales fuentes de información de las que se dispone en España. En el trabajo se profundiza en la delimitación de las horas trabajadas, diferenciando entre las horas pactadas, pagadas y efectivas, de forma que se analizan los ajustes necesarios para garantizar la coherencia entre magnitudes laborales y agregados macroeconómicos. Por último, se estudian las implicaciones metodológicas que derivan de la medición de las horas trabajadas, resaltando la importancia de los criterios estadísticos que se adoptan para hacer posible la comparabilidad internacional y el análisis.
Direction
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
FERNANDEZ GRELA, MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Economic and Financial Analysis of Minor Hotels Europe and Americas, S.A.
Authorship
B.R.R.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
B.R.R.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
This paper aims to conduct an economic and financial analysis of Minor Hotels Europe and Americas for the period 2020 to 2024. This hotel chain was known as HN Hotel Group until 2024. To this end, an analysis of the vertical and horizontal percentages of the Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Statement was performed, and various ratios were calculated to allow for the study of the short- and long-term situation. The company's situation was also compared with that of a benchmark group of its main competitors. The company experienced significant growth following the COVID 19 pandemic. It is currently one of the leading hotel chains nationally and maintains an international presence. Furthermore, it adapts to the continuous changes in the sector and provides customers with a unique and high-quality experience. The results of the economic and financial analysis show that the company is in a balanced financial position compared to its peer group, offering greater security to its creditors. Furthermore, it has low debt and high financial autonomy. The profitability analysis reveals a weaker position due to less effective use of leverage and low financial risk.
This paper aims to conduct an economic and financial analysis of Minor Hotels Europe and Americas for the period 2020 to 2024. This hotel chain was known as HN Hotel Group until 2024. To this end, an analysis of the vertical and horizontal percentages of the Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Statement was performed, and various ratios were calculated to allow for the study of the short- and long-term situation. The company's situation was also compared with that of a benchmark group of its main competitors. The company experienced significant growth following the COVID 19 pandemic. It is currently one of the leading hotel chains nationally and maintains an international presence. Furthermore, it adapts to the continuous changes in the sector and provides customers with a unique and high-quality experience. The results of the economic and financial analysis show that the company is in a balanced financial position compared to its peer group, offering greater security to its creditors. Furthermore, it has low debt and high financial autonomy. The profitability analysis reveals a weaker position due to less effective use of leverage and low financial risk.
Direction
ALVAREZ ESPIÑO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
ALVAREZ ESPIÑO, MARCOS (Tutorships)
Court
ALVAREZ ESPIÑO, MARCOS (Student’s tutor)
ALVAREZ ESPIÑO, MARCOS (Student’s tutor)
Study of international tourism demand in Spain
Authorship
H.R.T.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
H.R.T.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:00
02.18.2026 12:00
Summary
This study analyzes the evolution of international tourism demand in Spain of the OECD member countries that contribute most to Spanish foreign overnight stays in the period from 2001 to 2023. The importance of this analysis stems from the great weight that the tourism sector has on the Spanish economy. The objective is to determine the main determinants of demand and the appropriate estimation model. Similarities and differences between countries are obtained from this study, which leads us to analyze this demand model using panel data with fixed effects. The results show that tourism for the countries analyzed is considered as a commodity, where purchasing power has a greater impact on demand than prices, and the relevance of external shocks is different for the whole, the financial crisis is not relevant while the 2020 pandemic was relevant in the decline in demand.
This study analyzes the evolution of international tourism demand in Spain of the OECD member countries that contribute most to Spanish foreign overnight stays in the period from 2001 to 2023. The importance of this analysis stems from the great weight that the tourism sector has on the Spanish economy. The objective is to determine the main determinants of demand and the appropriate estimation model. Similarities and differences between countries are obtained from this study, which leads us to analyze this demand model using panel data with fixed effects. The results show that tourism for the countries analyzed is considered as a commodity, where purchasing power has a greater impact on demand than prices, and the relevance of external shocks is different for the whole, the financial crisis is not relevant while the 2020 pandemic was relevant in the decline in demand.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Tutorships)
Court
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Student’s tutor)
RODRIGUEZ GONZALEZ, XOSE ANTON (Student’s tutor)
Labour market absenteeism
Authorship
Á.R.P.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Á.R.P.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.19.2026 11:00
02.19.2026 11:00
Summary
Labour absenteeism is a phenomenon of growing relevance in developed economies due to its economic, social, and organisational implications. In recent years, its increase has become one of the main challenges of the Spanish labour market, showing significant territorial and sectoral differences. In this context, Galicia stands out as one of the autonomous communities with the highest levels of labour absenteeism, making a specific analysis of its case particularly relevant. This Final Degree Project analyses labour absenteeism in Galicia during the period 2021 to 2024 from a macroeconomic and territorial perspective, using aggregated data from the main official statistical sources. The study begins with a review of the theoretical framework and existing literature, with the aim of conceptually defining labour absenteeism and identifying the main explanatory factors highlighted by economic and institutional research. The analysis focuses particularly on the role of the ageing of the employed population, sectoral differences, and the seasonality of labour absenteeism. The results show that Galicia shares general patterns of evolution and seasonality with Spain as a whole, but exhibits a higher intensity of absenteeism, associated with structural factors such as the high average age of the working population and the relative weight of sectors with greater physical demands and a higher incidence of long-term temporary disability processes. Furthermore, the study reveals that the recent increase in absenteeism is mainly linked to the duration of sickness absence rather than to the number of absence episodes. Finally, the research reflects on the importance of the organisation of working time as a potential mitigating factor of structural absenteeism, highlighting the need for labour policies adapted to the specific characteristics of the Galician labour market.
Labour absenteeism is a phenomenon of growing relevance in developed economies due to its economic, social, and organisational implications. In recent years, its increase has become one of the main challenges of the Spanish labour market, showing significant territorial and sectoral differences. In this context, Galicia stands out as one of the autonomous communities with the highest levels of labour absenteeism, making a specific analysis of its case particularly relevant. This Final Degree Project analyses labour absenteeism in Galicia during the period 2021 to 2024 from a macroeconomic and territorial perspective, using aggregated data from the main official statistical sources. The study begins with a review of the theoretical framework and existing literature, with the aim of conceptually defining labour absenteeism and identifying the main explanatory factors highlighted by economic and institutional research. The analysis focuses particularly on the role of the ageing of the employed population, sectoral differences, and the seasonality of labour absenteeism. The results show that Galicia shares general patterns of evolution and seasonality with Spain as a whole, but exhibits a higher intensity of absenteeism, associated with structural factors such as the high average age of the working population and the relative weight of sectors with greater physical demands and a higher incidence of long-term temporary disability processes. Furthermore, the study reveals that the recent increase in absenteeism is mainly linked to the duration of sickness absence rather than to the number of absence episodes. Finally, the research reflects on the importance of the organisation of working time as a potential mitigating factor of structural absenteeism, highlighting the need for labour policies adapted to the specific characteristics of the Galician labour market.
Direction
FERNANDEZ FERNANDEZ, MELCHOR (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ FERNANDEZ, MELCHOR (Tutorships)
Court
FERNANDEZ FERNANDEZ, MELCHOR (Student’s tutor)
FERNANDEZ FERNANDEZ, MELCHOR (Student’s tutor)
Undergraduate dissertation
Authorship
H.G.S.B.F.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
H.G.S.B.F.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:30
02.18.2026 12:30
Summary
Este trabajo de Fin de Grado analiza los efectos económicos de la ampliación de la Unión Europea hacia el Este, centrándose en la gran ampliación de 2004. El estudio se centra en el caso del grupo de Visegrado (Polonia, Hungría, Chequia y Eslovaquia) y Lituania, examinando la compleja transición de los sistemas de planificación centralizados a la plena integración en el Mercado Único. A través de una combinación de marco teórico y análisis empírico, el trabajo muestra que la convergencia económica de estos países no se debió simplemente a una apertura comercial, sino a una profunda reconfiguración productiva, impulsada por la inversión y la inserción en las Cadenas Globales de Valor. Los resultados muestran un proceso de convergencia de ingresos con respecto a la UE en su conjunto, pero con desigualdades internas. Finalmente, se exponen los desafíos que enfrentan actualmente estas economías. La presente obra consta de 9.144 palabras.
Este trabajo de Fin de Grado analiza los efectos económicos de la ampliación de la Unión Europea hacia el Este, centrándose en la gran ampliación de 2004. El estudio se centra en el caso del grupo de Visegrado (Polonia, Hungría, Chequia y Eslovaquia) y Lituania, examinando la compleja transición de los sistemas de planificación centralizados a la plena integración en el Mercado Único. A través de una combinación de marco teórico y análisis empírico, el trabajo muestra que la convergencia económica de estos países no se debió simplemente a una apertura comercial, sino a una profunda reconfiguración productiva, impulsada por la inversión y la inserción en las Cadenas Globales de Valor. Los resultados muestran un proceso de convergencia de ingresos con respecto a la UE en su conjunto, pero con desigualdades internas. Finalmente, se exponen los desafíos que enfrentan actualmente estas economías. La presente obra consta de 9.144 palabras.
Direction
RODIL MARZABAL, OSCAR (Tutorships)
RODIL MARZABAL, OSCAR (Tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ LOPEZ, MANUEL (Chairman)
TRELLES GONZALEZ, RAFAEL (Secretary)
REY ARES, LUCIA (Member)
GONZALEZ LOPEZ, MANUEL (Chairman)
TRELLES GONZALEZ, RAFAEL (Secretary)
REY ARES, LUCIA (Member)
Environmental accounting
Authorship
Á.V.C.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Á.V.C.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.19.2026 12:00
02.19.2026 12:00
Direction
LOPEZ PEREZ, SUGEY DE JESUS (Tutorships)
LOPEZ PEREZ, SUGEY DE JESUS (Tutorships)
Court
LOPEZ PEREZ, SUGEY DE JESUS (Student’s tutor)
LOPEZ PEREZ, SUGEY DE JESUS (Student’s tutor)
The dynamics of the sectoral structure of the Galician economy in recent decades (2000-2023)
Authorship
I.V.Q.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
I.V.Q.
Bachelor's degree in Economics
Defense date
02.18.2026 11:00
02.18.2026 11:00
Summary
This paper analyses the evolution of the sectoral structure of the Galician economy over the period 2000-2023. The analysis is carried out using data on Gross Value Added (GVA), employment, and labour productivity. In addition, Galicia is compared with Spain and the European Union. Over the years, there has been a gradual change in the sectoral composition. The weight of the sectors varies across different stages, and economic cycles coincide with sectoral reconfigurations. Differences between sectors are also observed in terms of GVA and employment. Labour productivity differs significantly across sectors; moreover, some sectors have a greater share of employment than of GVA. In contrast, other sectors show lower relative employment but higher productivity. When making the comparison, similarities as well as structural differences are observed. Galicia presents specific patterns in comparison with Spain and the EU (European Union). The results help to understand the economic transformation of the period analysed. The total length of the paper is 8,354 words.
This paper analyses the evolution of the sectoral structure of the Galician economy over the period 2000-2023. The analysis is carried out using data on Gross Value Added (GVA), employment, and labour productivity. In addition, Galicia is compared with Spain and the European Union. Over the years, there has been a gradual change in the sectoral composition. The weight of the sectors varies across different stages, and economic cycles coincide with sectoral reconfigurations. Differences between sectors are also observed in terms of GVA and employment. Labour productivity differs significantly across sectors; moreover, some sectors have a greater share of employment than of GVA. In contrast, other sectors show lower relative employment but higher productivity. When making the comparison, similarities as well as structural differences are observed. Galicia presents specific patterns in comparison with Spain and the EU (European Union). The results help to understand the economic transformation of the period analysed. The total length of the paper is 8,354 words.
Direction
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Tutorships)
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Tutorships)
Court
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Student’s tutor)
LOPEZ IGLESIAS, EDELMIRO (Student’s tutor)
Circular Economy and Digitalization in the Fashion Industry: The Case of Vestiaire Collective
Authorship
N.V.P.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
N.V.P.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:00
02.18.2026 12:00
Summary
The fashion industry is one of the most dynamic sectors worldwide and one with the greatest economic and environmental impact. In recent years, growing concern for sustainability has driven the adoption of more responsible business models, leading to the rise of circular fashion (CF). This approach seeks to minimize waste and maximize product value through practices such as reuse, repair, and recycling, in contrast to the traditional linear model of “produce, use, and dispose.” In this context, digitalization has played a key role in transforming the sector by enabling new forms of consumption and promoting innovative platforms that connect consumers more efficiently. Among these, Vestiaire Collective (VC) stands out as a leading platform in the resale of second-hand fashion, having transformed the luxury resale market through the use of technology, artificial intelligence (AI), and collaborative business models. The objective of this study is to analyze how the combination of circular fashion and digitalization can generate profitable and sustainable business models in the long term. Through the analysis of the VC case, this research examines how a digital platform can consolidate its market position through strategies that promote the circular economy (CE), as well as its impact on both the fashion industry and consumer behavior. The results indicate that the company contributes significantly to reducing environmental impact by extending the life cycle of garments, although it still faces limitations in post-sale traceability and complementary circular services. This case confirms that sustainability and digitalization can effectively coexist within a business model, provided that an integrated and committed approach is adopted.
The fashion industry is one of the most dynamic sectors worldwide and one with the greatest economic and environmental impact. In recent years, growing concern for sustainability has driven the adoption of more responsible business models, leading to the rise of circular fashion (CF). This approach seeks to minimize waste and maximize product value through practices such as reuse, repair, and recycling, in contrast to the traditional linear model of “produce, use, and dispose.” In this context, digitalization has played a key role in transforming the sector by enabling new forms of consumption and promoting innovative platforms that connect consumers more efficiently. Among these, Vestiaire Collective (VC) stands out as a leading platform in the resale of second-hand fashion, having transformed the luxury resale market through the use of technology, artificial intelligence (AI), and collaborative business models. The objective of this study is to analyze how the combination of circular fashion and digitalization can generate profitable and sustainable business models in the long term. Through the analysis of the VC case, this research examines how a digital platform can consolidate its market position through strategies that promote the circular economy (CE), as well as its impact on both the fashion industry and consumer behavior. The results indicate that the company contributes significantly to reducing environmental impact by extending the life cycle of garments, although it still faces limitations in post-sale traceability and complementary circular services. This case confirms that sustainability and digitalization can effectively coexist within a business model, provided that an integrated and committed approach is adopted.
Direction
PEREIRA SANCHEZ, MARIA ANGELES (Tutorships)
PEREIRA SANCHEZ, MARIA ANGELES (Tutorships)
Court
PEREIRA SANCHEZ, MARIA ANGELES (Student’s tutor)
PEREIRA SANCHEZ, MARIA ANGELES (Student’s tutor)
Global Disruptive events and their impact on US listed stocks.
Authorship
M.Z.V.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
M.Z.V.
Degree in Business Administration and Management
Defense date
02.18.2026 12:30
02.18.2026 12:30
Summary
The objective of this paper is to analyze how the US stock market has reacted to major macroeconomic, geopolitical, military, and health events over the last hundred years, in order to better understand the relationship between global uncertainty and the subsequent evolution of US financial markets. The analysis focuses on the stock market performance of the US stock market benchmark index, the Standard and Poor's Index ($SPX) since its creation in 1957, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average ($DJIA) for the previous periods (1925-1957) in order to obtain a comprehensive view of how the market reacts to notable global events. The events selected for this study include military and political conflicts, such as World War II and the Russia-Ukraine conflict; macroeconomic financial crises, such as the 1929 stock market crash and the 1973 oil crisis; and other global events, such as Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic. First, all available data for both stock indices on the date of the study was downloaded from reputable websites such as Yahoo Finance, downloading a .csv file for manipulation. Secondly, for each event, variations in stock market index returns are analyzed over the following 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months, studying the magnitude and duration of the impact on financial markets, the frequency of recoveries, and the difference between events of different natures. The study will combine a quantitative and qualitative approach and will consider the use of other complementary indicators. The objective of the work is to draw conclusions that contribute to understanding the response of financial markets to global disruptive events and to provide an empirical basis on which to make decisions.
The objective of this paper is to analyze how the US stock market has reacted to major macroeconomic, geopolitical, military, and health events over the last hundred years, in order to better understand the relationship between global uncertainty and the subsequent evolution of US financial markets. The analysis focuses on the stock market performance of the US stock market benchmark index, the Standard and Poor's Index ($SPX) since its creation in 1957, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average ($DJIA) for the previous periods (1925-1957) in order to obtain a comprehensive view of how the market reacts to notable global events. The events selected for this study include military and political conflicts, such as World War II and the Russia-Ukraine conflict; macroeconomic financial crises, such as the 1929 stock market crash and the 1973 oil crisis; and other global events, such as Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic. First, all available data for both stock indices on the date of the study was downloaded from reputable websites such as Yahoo Finance, downloading a .csv file for manipulation. Secondly, for each event, variations in stock market index returns are analyzed over the following 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months, studying the magnitude and duration of the impact on financial markets, the frequency of recoveries, and the difference between events of different natures. The study will combine a quantitative and qualitative approach and will consider the use of other complementary indicators. The objective of the work is to draw conclusions that contribute to understanding the response of financial markets to global disruptive events and to provide an empirical basis on which to make decisions.
Direction
VILLAMARIN TABOADA, JOSE ANDRES (Tutorships)
VILLAMARIN TABOADA, JOSE ANDRES (Tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ LOPEZ, MANUEL (Chairman)
TRELLES GONZALEZ, RAFAEL (Secretary)
REY ARES, LUCIA (Member)
GONZALEZ LOPEZ, MANUEL (Chairman)
TRELLES GONZALEZ, RAFAEL (Secretary)
REY ARES, LUCIA (Member)